It works by inhibiting the DPP-4 enzyme, which normally breaks down incretin hormones such as GLP-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1) and GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide) which help to increased insulin secretion to stimulate the pancreas to release more insulin in response to meals, particularly when blood sugar levels are elevated and decreased glucagon secretion is a hormone that signals the liver to produce glucose
Second, these drugs act on parts of the brain that help control appetite and cravings
Overall, GLP-1 therapies appear to interact with the same systems that drive cravings and reward
FDA approves first oral GLP-1 treatment for type 2 diabetes. September 20, 2019
When its blood supply is disrupted, symptoms such as sudden vision loss, blurred vision or blind spots can occur, and some cases result in permanent vision damage
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